RHEUMATOLOGY NURSING: A CREATIVE APPROACH

RHEUMATOLOGY NURSING: A CREATIVE APPROACH
The midtarsal or transverse tarsal joint is the articulation of the talus with the navicular (talonavicular) and the calcaneus with the cuboid (calneocuboid). Theseare fibrous plane points. The forefoot is made up of the metatarsals and phalanges. The proximal ends of the metatarsals articulate with the distal ends of the three cuneiform bones and the cuboid at the tarsometatarsal joints. The metatarsophalangeal joints (MTPs) are the articulations of the distalends of the metatarsal bones with the proximal ends of the phalanges. These are ellipsoid joints and are surrounded by a joint capsule which is strengthened by
collateral ligaments and the plantar aponeurosis. Small bursae lie between the metatarsal heads,which are held together by the transverse metatarsalligament.Anaponeurosisoftheextensortendonscoversthe dorsum of the foot. Extension, fl exion, abduction and adduction of the toes is achieved by the intrinsic muscles of the foot. The proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints are hinge joints capable of fl exing and extending the toes. The arches of the foot are formed by an arrangement of the bones, ligaments and muscles. Each foot has four arches;two transverseand two longitudinal which actas shockab sorbers during weight bearing.
Common disorders of the mid and forefoot are:
• metatarsalgia
• metatarsal stress fractures
• hallux valgus (bunion)
• hallux rigidus (hammer toe)
• pes planus (fl at foot)
• pes cavus (claw foot).

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